In the previous post , we have seen the 3 word2vec models: skip-gram, CBOW and GloVe. Now let's have a look at negative sampling and what it is used to make training skip-gram faster. The idea is originated from this paper: " Distributed Representations of Words and Phrases and their Compositionality ” (Mikolov et al. 2013) In the previous example , we have seen that if we have a vocabulary of size 10K, and we want to train word vectors of size 300. Then the number of parameters we have to estimate in each layer is 10Kx300. This number is big and makes training prone to over-fitting and gives too much focus on words that appear often, and less focus on rare words. Subsampling of frequent words So the idea of subsampling is that: we try to maximize the probability that "real outside word" appears, and minimize the probability that "random words" appear around center word. Real outside words are words that characterize the meaning of the center word, wh
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